Somewhere Over the Rainbow Done Again

Vocal past Harold Arlen and Yip Harburg published in 1939

"Over the Rainbow"
Judy Garland singing "Over the Rainbow" in The Wizard of Oz
Song by Judy Garland
Published	1939 by Leo Feist, Inc.
Composer(south)	Harold Arlen
Lyricist(s)	East.Y. Harburg

"Over the Rainbow" is a ballad by Harold Arlen with lyrics by Yip Harburg.^[1] It was written for the 1939 film The Wizard of Oz, in which it was sung past extra Judy Garland^[2] in her starring role as Dorothy Gale.^[1] It won the Academy Award for Best Original Vocal and became Garland'due south signature vocal.

About five minutes into the film, Dorothy sings the song after failing to become Aunt Em, Uncle Henry, and the farmhands to mind to her story of an unpleasant incident involving her dog, Toto, and the town spinster, Miss Gulch (Margaret Hamilton). Aunt Em tells her to "find yourself a place where you won't get into any trouble". This prompts her to walk off by herself, musing to Toto, "Someplace where there isn't any trouble. Do you suppose at that place is such a place, Toto? There must be. It's not a place you lot can get to by a boat, or a railroad train. It's far, far away. Backside the moon, beyond the pelting", at which signal she begins singing.

Background [edit]

Composer Harold Arlen and lyricist Yip Harburg often worked in tandem, Harburg mostly suggesting an idea or title for Arlen to set to music, before Harburg contributed the lyrics.^[three] For their work together on The Magician of Oz, Harburg claimed his inspiration was "a carol for a little daughter who... was in problem and... wanted to get away from... Kansas. A dry, arid, colorless place. She had never seen annihilation colorful in her life except the rainbow". Arlen decided the idea needed "a tune with a long broad line".^[4]

By the time all the other songs for the film had been written, Arlen was feeling the pressure level of non having the vocal for the Kansas scene. He often carried blank pieces of music manuscript in his pockets to jot down short melodic ideas. Arlen described how the inspiration for the tune to "Over the Rainbow" came to him suddenly while his married woman Anya drove:

"I said to Mrs. Arlen... 'let'southward get to Grauman's Chinese ... You drive the motorcar, I don't experience besides well right now.' I wasn't thinking of work. I wasn't consciously thinking of work, I simply wanted to relax. And as we drove by Schwab's Drug Shop on Dusk I said, 'Pull over, please.' ... And we stopped and I actually don't know why—bless the muses—and I took out my little bit of manuscript and put down what you know at present equally 'Over the Rainbow.'"^[five]

The song was originally sung in A-flat major.^[6] Arlen after wrote the contrasting bridge section based on the idea of "a child'southward piano exercise".^[vii]

Italian newspaper Il Messaggero has noted a resemblance, both harmonic and melodic, between Over the Rainbow and the theme of the intermezzo (known as Ratcliff's Dream) of Pietro Mascagni's 1895 opera Guglielmo Ratcliff.^[8]

The Wizard of Oz [edit]

The "Over the Rainbow" and Kansas scenes were directed by the uncredited Rex Vidor, because the picture show'due south main director, Victor Fleming, was called in by David O. Selznick and MGM to direct Gone with the Air current. Fleming would later return to oversee the editing and post-production on The Wizard of Oz. The song was initially deleted from the picture show after a preview in San Luis Obispo, California, considering MGM master executive Louis B. Mayer thought it "slowed down the motion-picture show," was far over the heads of its targeted kid audition, and sounded "like something for Jeanette MacDonald, not for a little daughter singing in a barnyard". Fleming, producer Mervyn LeRoy, associate producer Arthur Freed, and Roger Edens, who was Judy Garland's vocal coach and mentor, fought together to have the song reinserted dorsum into the film and they eventually won.^{[ commendation needed ]}

At the start of the movie, part of the song is played by the MGM orchestra over the opening credits. A reprise of the song was deleted after beingness filmed. The reprise was to be sung past Dorothy while she was locked in the Wicked Witch's castle, helplessly awaiting decease as the hourglass is running out. Although the visual portion of that reprise is presumably lost, the soundtrack even so exists and was included in the 2-CD Deluxe Edition of the film's soundtrack released past Rhino Entertainment in 1995. In that intense rendition, Dorothy cries her way through it, unable to end, concluding with, "I'k frightened, Auntie Em, I'm frightened!" This phrase was retained in the picture and is followed immediately by Aunt Em's brief appearance in the crystal ball, where she is soon replaced by the visage of the Wicked Witch, (Margaret Hamilton), mocking and taunting Dorothy before turning the photographic camera toward her chortle. Another instrumental version is played in the underscore in the final scene and over the closing credits.^{[ citation needed ]}

Recordings by Judy Garland [edit]

On Oct 7, 1938, Judy Garland recorded the song on the MGM soundstage with an arrangement by Murray Cutter. In September 1939, a studio recording of the song, not from the movie soundtrack, was recorded and released equally a single for Decca. In March 1940, that aforementioned recording was included on a Decca 78 four-tape studio cast album entitled The Wizard of Oz. Although this isn't the version that appeared in the film, Decca continued to release the "bandage album" into the 1960s after it was reissued on disc, a 33 one⁄3 -rpm anthology.

The film version of "Over the Rainbow" was unavailable to the public until the soundtrack was released past MGM in 1956 to coincide with the tv set premiere of The Wizard of Oz.^[9] The soundtrack version has been re-released several times over the years, including a deluxe edition by Rhino in 1995.^[ten]

After The Wizard of Oz appeared in 1939, "Over the Rainbow" became Garland's signature song. She performed it for 30 years and sang information technology as she had for the film. She said she wanted to remain true to the character of Dorothy and to the message of existence somewhere over the rainbow.^[11]

Other lyrics [edit]

An introductory verse ("When all the world is a hopeless jumble...") that was omitted from the picture is sometimes used in theatrical productions of The Sorcerer of Oz and is included in the piano sheet music from the film. Information technology was used in versions by Tony Bennett, Al Bowlly, Doris Day, Ella Fitzgerald, Frank Sinatra, Sarah Vaughan, Mandy Patinkin, Trisha Yearwood, Melissa Manchester, Hilary Kole, Jewell, and Norma Waterson. Judy Garland sang the introductory verse at least one time, on a 1948 radio broadcast of The Louella Parsons Show.^[12] Lyrics for a second verse ("Once by a word only lightly spoken...") appeared in the British edition of the canvas music.^[13]

Awards and honors [edit]

In March 2017, "Over the Rainbow" sung past Judy Garland was entered in the National Recording Registry by the Library of Congress as music that is "culturally, historically, or artistically significant".^[14] The Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) and the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA) ranked it number one on their Songs of the Century list. The American Film Institute named it best pic song on the AFI'south 100 Years...100 Songs list.

"Over the Rainbow" was given the Towering Vocal Accolade by the Songwriters Hall of Fame and was sung at its dinner on June 12, 2014, by Jackie Evancho.^[15] In April 2005, the United states Postal service issued a commemorative stamp honoring Yip Harburg that includes a lyric.^[16]

Information technology was sent every bit an sound wakeup call to astronauts aboard the STS-88 space shuttle mission on Flight Mean solar day 4, defended to astronaut Robert D. Cabana by his daughter Sara.^[17]

Co-ordinate to his family unit, Gene Wilder died while listening to "Over the Rainbow" sung by Ella Fitzgerald, ane of his favorite songs.^{[xviii] [19]}

German versions [edit]

The offset German version in the English language was recorded by the Swing Orchestra Heinz Wehner (1908–1945) in March 1940 in Berlin. Wehner, at this time a well-known international German swing creative person,^[20] also took over the vocals.^[21] The first German language version in German linguistic communication was sung past Inge Brandenburg (1929–1999) in 1960.^[22]

State of israel Kamakawiwoʻole version [edit]

"Somewhere Over the Rainbow/What a Wonderful World"
Single by Israel Kamakawiwoʻole
from the album Facing Hereafter
Released	1993
Recorded	1988
Length	5:07
Label	Mountain Apple tree Company
Songwriter(s)	Eastward.Y. Harburg, Bob Thiele, George David Weiss

On the album Facing Future (1993), Israel Kamakawiwoʻole included "Over the Rainbow" in a ukulele medley with "What a Wonderful World" past Louis Armstrong. Kamakawiwoʻole called the recording studio at 3a.thou. He was given xv minutes to get in by Milan Bertosa. Bertosa said, "And in walks the largest human beingness I had seen in my life. Israel was probably like 500 pounds. And the first matter at hand is to find something for him to sit on." A security guard gave State of israel a big steel chair. "So I put upwards some microphones, do a quick sound check, curl tape, and the first thing he does is 'Somewhere Over the Rainbow.' He played and sang, one have, and information technology was over."^[23]

Chart activity and sales [edit]

Kamakawiwoʻole's version reached number 12 on the Billboard Hot Digital Tracks chart during the calendar week of January 31, 2004 (for the survey week ending January 18, 2004).^[24] In the U.Due south., it was certified Platinum for 1,000,000 downloads sold.^[25] Every bit of October 2014 it had sold over 4.2 meg digital copies.^[26]

In the UK his version was released as a single under the championship "Somewhere Over the Rainbow". It entered the UK Official Singles Chart in April 2007 at number 68. In Germany, the single likewise returned to the German Singles Chart in September 2010. Subsequently two weeks on that chart, it received gold status for selling 150,000 copies.^[27] In October 2010, it reached number 1 on the High german charts. In 2011 was certified five× gold for selling over 750,000 copies.^[27] It stayed 12 not-consecutive weeks at the top spot and was the most successful unmarried in Germany in 2010.^[28] In March 2010 it was the 2d best-selling download in Frg with digital sales between 500,000 and 600,000.^{[29] [30]} In France, it debuted at number four in December 2010 and reached number one.^[31] In Switzerland, it received Platinum status for thirty,000 copies sold.^[32]

Kamakawiwoʻole'due south version of "Over the Rainbow" has been used in commercials, films and television receiver programs, including 50 Outset Dates, Overjoyed, Cold Case, ER, Finding Forrester, Horizon, Life on Mars, Meet Joe Black, Scrubs, Snakes on a Plane, Son of the Mask, and the television serial Due south Pacific. The Kamakawiwoʻole version was sung by the bandage of Glee on the season i finale "Journey" and included on Glee: The Music, Journey to Regionals, charting at number 30 in the Great britain, 31 in Canada and Ireland, 42 in Australia, and 43 in the U.S.^{[33] [34] [35] [36] [37] [38] [39]}

Eva Cassidy version [edit]

"Over the Rainbow"
Single by Eva Cassidy
from the anthology The Other Side and Songbird
B-side	"Night End of the Street"
Released	January 29, 2001 (2001-01-29)
Length	4:58
Characterization	Blix Street
Producer(south)	Chris Biondo
Eva Cassidy singles chronology
"Over the Rainbow" (2001) "People Get Set" (2002)

Eva Cassidy recorded a version of the vocal for The Other Side (1992). Afterward her decease in 1996, it was included on the posthumous compilation Songbird (1998). In December 2000, a clip of Cassidy performing the song was featured on the BBC2 program Top of the Pops 2. Following the premiere, it became the program'due south most-requested video in history, and demand for the album soared after the clip was re-aired in January 2001.^[40] The song was afterwards released as a unmarried the aforementioned month, on January 29.^[41]

"Over the Rainbow" debuted at number 88 on the United kingdom of great britain and northern ireland Singles Nautical chart in February 2001 and climbed to number 42 in May, becoming Cassidy's starting time single to chart in the United Kingdom. In Scotland, information technology reached number 36, giving Cassidy her commencement top-40 unmarried in that region. It was her highest-charting vocal in the United Kingdom until 2007, when "What a Wonderful World" reached number 1.^[42] The song also reached number 27 in Ireland in December, becoming her simply acme-40 hitting in that country.

Cassidy's recording was selected past the BBC for its Songs of the Century album in 1999. Her performance at Blues Alley appeared on the album Simply Eva (2011).

Track listing [edit]

Great britain CD unmarried ^[43]

1. "Over the Rainbow" – 4:58
2. "Dark End of the Street" – three:52

Charts [edit]

Chart (2001)	Peak position
Ireland (IRMA)[44]	27
Scotland (OCC)[45]	36
UK Singles (OCC)[46]	42
UK Indie (OCC)[47]	10

Cliff Richard version [edit]

"Somewhere Over the Rainbow"/"What a Wonderful Globe"
Single by Cliff Richard
from the album Wanted
Released	December 3, 2001 (2001-12-03)
Length	4:47
Label	Papillon
Songwriter(southward)	H. Arlen, E.Y. Hamburg, George David Weiss, Thousand. Douglas
Producer(south)	Alan Tarney
Cliff Richard singles chronology
"The Millennium Prayer" (1999) "Somewhere Over the Rainbow"/"What a Wonderful World" (2001) ""Permit Me Be the 1"" (2002)

On 3 December 2001, the British singer Cliff Richard recorded a encompass of the mashup "Somewhere Over the Rainbow"/"What a Wonderful World" on his anthology Wanted. At the time of release the official website for the anthology explained that information technology consisted of "hits Cliff'south e'er 'Wanted' to tape." ^[48] The album is primarily made up of cover songs, including songs by artists such as Elvis Presley, The Beatles, Carole King and Tina Turner. The inspiration for the album came when Richard was sent a copy of Israel Kamakawiwo'ole's recording of "Over the Rainbow" combined with "What a Wonderful World" weeks into the year 2000 and he knew immediately he wanted to record it.^[49]

The mashup reggae-themed track with a lot of similarities to the Israel Kamakawiwo'ole arrangement was released equally the debut single from the anthology Wanted and charted on the Britain Singles Chart peaking at number xi and stayed for 6 weeks in the British charts.^[50] Richard premiered it on the Open Business firm with Gloria Hunniford on half-dozen November 2001. On the date of release of the single on iii Dec 2001, he was invited to the ITV programme This Morning to perform it alive. He also performed it at the Premier Christmas Spectacular at Methodist Westminster Central Hall in London on 14 December 2001.

Charts [edit]

Nautical chart (2001)	Peak position
Britain Singles (OCC)	11

Danielle Hope version [edit]

"Over the Rainbow"
Single past Danielle Hope
Released	May 23, 2010 (U.k.)
Genre	Pop
Length	2:58
Label	Polydor

Danielle Hope, the winner of the BBC talent show Over the Rainbow, released a comprehend version of the song as a digital download on May 23, 2010, and a single on May 31, 2010.^[51] As it was recorded earlier a winner was announced, runners-upwards Lauren Samuels and Sophie Evans also recorded versions.^[51]

The single was a charity record that raised money for the BBC Performing Arts Fund and Prostate UK.^[52]

Rails listings [edit]

Great britain digital download

1. "Over the Rainbow" – ii:58

CD single

1. "Over the Rainbow"
2. "The Wizard of Oz medley" – Sophie Evans, Danielle Promise and Lauren Samuels

Charts [edit]

Chart (2010)	Peak position
United kingdom Singles (OCC)[53]	29

Ariana Grande version [edit]

"Somewhere Over the Rainbow"
Promotional single by Ariana Grande
Released	June 6, 2017 (2017-06-06)
Length	four:32
Label	Democracy

American singer Ariana Grande released a version of the song on June 6, 2017, to raise money at her benefit concert One Honey Manchester later 22 people were killed in the Manchester Arena bombing at Grande's concert on May 22, 2017.^[54]

Live performances [edit]

Grande sang the single for the offset time on Boob tube at the 1 Honey Manchester do good concert on June iv, 2017. It was then added to the setlist of the Unsafe Woman Tour.^[55]

Runway list [edit]

Digital download – Live^[56]

No.	Title	Length
1.	"Somewhere Over the Rainbow" (Live from Manchester)	iv:32

Charts [edit]

Chart (2017)	Height position
UK Singles (OCC)[57]	lx

Release history [edit]

Region	Date	Format	Label	Ref.
Various	June vi, 2017	Digital download	Commonwealth	[56]

Robin Schulz, Alle Farben and Israel Kamakawiwoʻole version [edit]

"Somewhere Over the Rainbow / What a Wonderful Globe"
Song past Robin Schulz, Alle Farben and State of israel Kamakawiwoʻole
Released	September 7, 2021 (2021-09-07)
Length	3:31
Label	Sony Music Entertainment, B1/Warner Music

In July 2021, German language musician, DJ and record producer Robin Schulz and the German DJ and producer Alle Farben released a mashup "Somewhere Over the Rainbow / What a Wonderful World" based on Kamakawiwoʻole's version and voice on Sony Music Entertainment, B1/Warner Music. The new remix version has charted in Germany, French republic and Belgium. A new official video was also released.

Charts [edit]

Nautical chart (2021)	Acme position
Kingdom of belgium (Ultratop fifty Wallonia)[58]	48
France (SNEP)[59]	138
Germany (GfK Entertainment charts)	82

Other versions [edit]

• Art Tatum recorded four jazz covers in 1939, 1948, 1953, and 1956 where he extravagantly improvises over the original tune on piano. The 1939 version was recorded but three days after the pic came out.^[lx]
• The song appears in the conclusion of the film adaptation of Junior Miss, whose protagonist is named Judy.
• The Demensions recorded an ethereal, orchestral, and dreamy doo-wop version, arranged past the composer Seymour Barab that reached number sixteen on the Billboard Hot 100 in 1960.^[61]
• In 1966, the girl group Patti LaBelle and the Bluebelles recorded the song for their album Over the Rainbow, which reached No. 20 on the R&B anthology charts as a doo-wop rendition.
• Nicholas David, a contestant on the third season of The Voice, recorded a version that went to number 96 on the Billboard Hot 100 in 2012 with sales of 48,000 copies.^[62]

See also [edit]

• Musical selections in The Wizard of Oz
• List of 1930s jazz standards
• Listing of best-selling singles
• List of acknowledged singles in the United States

References [edit]

1. ^ ^{a b} Roberts, David (2006). British Hit Singles & Albums (19th ed.). London: Guinness World Records Limited. p. 134. ISBNi-904994-ten-five.
2. ^ Gioia, Ted (2012). The Jazz Standards: A Guide to the Repertoire. New York Metropolis: Oxford University Press. pp. 328–330. ISBN978-0-19-993739-four.
3. ^ Shapiro, Gary. "'Over the Rainbow': The Story Backside the Song of the Century". Columbia News . Retrieved October 30, 2019.
4. ^ Frisch, Walter (2017). Arlen and Harburg's Over the Rainbow. Oxford Academy Printing. p. 20.
5. ^ Alonso, Harriet Hyman (2012). Yip Harburg: Legendary Lyricist and Homo Rights Activist. Wesleyan Academy Press. p. 106.
6. ^ Garland, Judy (August 31, 2009). "Over the Rainbow". MusicNotes . Retrieved March nine, 2020.
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8. ^ "C'era Mascagni sulla strada di Oz". September 30, 2017.
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14. ^ "National Recording Registry Picks Are 'Over the Rainbow'". Library of Congress. March 29, 2016. Retrieved March 29, 2016.
15. ^ Shriver, Jerry (June xiii, 2014). "Songwriters gala links one-time and new with a 'Rainbow'". USA Today.
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18. ^ "Family unit: Wilder passed to 'Somewhere Over the Rainbow'". USA Today. August 29, 2016. Retrieved Oct 15, 2016.
19. ^ Hautman, Nicholas (August 30, 2016). "Cistron Wilder Died Holding Hands With His Family While Listening to 'Over the Rainbow'". US Weekly. Retrieved Oct xv, 2016.
20. ^ Dick McBougall, Down Beat 12/1937
21. ^ Over the Rainbow, Swing-Orchester Heinz Wehner, engl. Refraingesang Heinz Wehner, Telefunken A 10101, Matrizennummer 24836, recorded March 23, 1940
22. ^ Wenn Du in meinen Träumen (Over the Rainbow), Inge Brandenburg mit dem NDR-Tanzorchester, recorded November ii, 1960
23. ^ "State of israel Kamakawiwoʻole: The Voice Of Hawaii". 50 Great Voices. NPR. December 6, 2010. Retrieved Dec 16, 2015. Then I put up some microphones, do a quick audio check, roll record, and the outset thing he does is 'Somewhere Over the Rainbow.' He played and sang, one take, and it was over.
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34. ^ "Glee is number 1 Once more" (Press release). PR Newswire. May 26, 2010. Retrieved Dec 2, 2010.
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41. ^ "New Releases – For Week Starting January 29, 2001: Singles" (PDF). Music Week. Jan 27, 2001. p. 39. Retrieved August twenty, 2021.
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43. ^ "Australian-charts.com – Eva Cassidy – Over the Rainbow". ARIA Top 50 Singles. Retrieved October 11, 2020.
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48. ^ Cliff Richard Wanted album at AllMusic
49. ^ From preface in Wanted CD booklet
50. ^ Official Charts.com: Cliff Richard discography and charting songs
51. ^ ^{a b} "Winning Dorothy to release 'Rainbow'". Retrieved May 21, 2010.
52. ^ "Danielle Promise ('Over the Rainbow')". Retrieved May 27, 2010.
53. ^ "Danielle Hope: Artist Chart History". Official Charts Company.
54. ^ Reporters, Telegraph (June 7, 2017). "Ariana Grande releases Somewhere Over the Rainbow as charity single for Manchester benefit". The Telegraph. ISSN 0307-1235. Archived from the original on January 12, 2022. Retrieved April 11, 2018.
55. ^ Tanzer, Myles. "Ariana Grande", The Fader, May 30, 2018
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58. ^ "Robin Schulz, Alle Farben & Israel Kamakawiwoʻole – Somewhere Over the Rainbow / What a Wonderful Earth" (in French). Ultratop 50. Retrieved 1 September 2021.
59. ^ "Robin Schulz, Alle Farben & Israel Kamakawiwoʻole – Somewhere Over the Rainbow / What a Wonderful World" (in French). Les classement single. Retrieved 1 September 2021.
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62. ^ "The Billboard Hot 100 Week of 22 December 2012". Billboard . Retrieved Dec xiv, 2012.

External links [edit]

• The Judy Garland Online Discography

marshallwituarmay92.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Over_the_Rainbow

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